Maybe in the future, we will upgrade to intelligent autopilot. The new technology is cool, but the accidents may be even more tragic. However, technology trends will not be ruined because of this. The times are advancing, and intelligent driving needs to be continuously enriched and perfected to play its biggest role in the future.
[HC Auto Electronics] The founder of Tesla promises that every new car produced by Tesla will be equipped with the hardware needed to support fully automated driving. And he hopes that in 2017, driverless cars will be on the road in the United States.
The so-called driverless car refers to the smart car, which is an intelligent driving instrument based mainly on the computer system in the car to realize driverless driving.
Unmanned driving is actually divided into two situations, one is a smart car with a "driver" in the car, and the other is that the car is completely out of control by the car. But no matter what, unmanned driving will fundamentally reshape the shape and structure of the city.
Some analysts believe that adding unmanned smart cars to the current transportation system will definitely become the most important research topic of transportation and technology. In the vast majority of smart driving, everything is under the control of the Internet and computers. All problems that can be analyzed or predicted to be resolved will be resolved within a few years of the system's launch.
However, although smart cars have made great progress in technology, there are still many problems in the status quo of smart cars. If smart driving is slowly infiltrating, it may not cause harm to society and individuals, or cause "problems". But what we really need to consider is what kind of challenging problems this new technology poses for the traffic itself and the safety of passengers?
The arms race of driverless technology has begun in the giants
In fact, unmanned or smart cars are a new type of black technology. Musk is not fighting alone. World-renowned manufacturers including Audi, GM, Google, Apple and Uber are working hard to develop driverless cars. Promote humans to give up driving cars and automate cars.
Compared to Tesla and Google, other manufacturers are slightly conservative in terms of launching a driverless car schedule, but it is undeniable that the smart car era is getting closer and closer to us. And all the companies involved in this technology research and development are desperately trying to be at the forefront.
Google and Tesla, as pioneers of driverless technology, are developing smart cars, but the two concepts are quite different. Tesla's research and development philosophy is still in the stage of assisted driving and requires the driver. The plan is to upgrade it to driverless by continuously iterating the assisted driving technology. The driver still has full control and can counter or cancel the driver-assisted behavior and is fully responsible for the safety of the smart car.
Google’s ideas are completely different, and it’s completely unmanned, and passengers don’t need or interfere with vehicle control. They abandon all the attributes of the traditional car except for practicality, turning the vehicle into a tool completely without any fun other than tools.
Google unmanned driving is one step in place. The basic principle is that no human intervention is required. People without a driver's license can also board the car alone. They can read and sleep on the train. They are just passengers and do not bear any responsibility.
In other words, Tesla's strategy is to develop and improve the characteristics of Autopilot in a small amount, and then let the public test it.
Google's strategy is to make its autonomous driving technology as advanced as possible, as different as possible from the current car, and then test it internally. At present, the public is not yet able to use Google's autopilot technology, and Google has not provided the public with an autopilot plan in the expected future. Therefore, there is currently no way to know which one of Google and Tesla's autonomous driving technology is safer.
The practice of Google and Tesla is officially studying the two most representative directions of the unmanned giants. For now, the competition to push autonomous vehicles to the mass market has just begun, but the war has been fierce. Apple, Google, Tesla and Uber, these Silicon Valley giants are actively participating in the war.
This competition is not only fierce, but also a little mysterious. In addition to the high-profile promotion of Google and Tesla to promote their technical advantages, Uber and Apple are extremely low-key and rarely reported.
Although smart cars have become a big trend, there are still some problems to be solved after the development of this new technology.
Line driving process randomness, the incentive to unmanned accident
For an emerging technology, driverless cars have many advantages, such as safety, efficiency, and obvious. Allowing drivers to enjoy unprecedented relaxation, even on the highway, they can take a leisurely look at the book, prepare a spreadsheet for the meeting, or open a conference call, so people can use the travel time more effectively, maybe even Can greatly improve the productivity of employees.
But the problem is that the traffic conditions in real life are too complicated and very random. The biggest problem caused by random problems is traffic accidents.
Google co-founder Sergey Brin also admitted that there were 12 traffic accidents in his driverless car, and Tesla had a serious accident caused by driverless death, although other non-self-driving The victim is responsible, but it just reveals that there is still a long way to go before driverlessness responds to random conditions.
The road that is driven by the car is a simpler traffic model than the road that the car is driving. Moreover, the degree of automation of the motor car is very high, but in some cases, it will still need to be handled manually, just like emergency braking or accidents in front of it, which requires manpower to be processed in the first place.
Therefore, all current high-speed trains in China have drivers, and the requirements are very high, and the spirit must be highly concentrated. Does the smart car need a driver like a very high-speed motor car, and it also has high standards for all aspects of the driver's quality?
Of course, the designer of a smart car may think that the car he designed is safe enough, but the life of the smart car will be old, and it will suddenly become sick like a human being. If the smart driving suddenly fails during driving, the car The passengers in the room were at a loss.
The unmanned car suddenly stops on the road, or the restart will add to the already optimistic road conditions; or the car that may be intelligently driven by a crash will have key components scrapped, and the car driving on the road will suddenly be scrapped. What are the consequences, the old drivers know.
Therefore, under the existing traffic regulations, manual assistance in the short and medium term may be the best way to avoid accidents; or it is to modify the traffic system specifically for the spread of driverless driving, which is absolutely for the traffic field. Revolutionary. The revolutionary thing, the goal is to set off a wave of innovation and then succeed, or to meet a storm, and then to failure.
Even if the driver surrenders control, he still faces ethical challenges.
It is conceivable that the ultimate goal of driverless driving is not only to achieve automatic driving of bicycles, because someone will not want to buy a car that they can't control, just like riding a single or small bus. same. Then, regarding the control of this car, you may first enter your information in the system that controls it, so that you can fully control it, even when you encounter a major event, you still need to control it.
However, there is still a problem with driverless driving. If your smart car hits a car in the blink of an eye, left or right, there is only one expensive Rolls-Royce left. People, and to the right is a cheap Xiali car with an adult and a child. Unmanned driving wants to minimize the index of compensation and injury, so how does the intelligent driving program choose?
If the unmanned car chooses Xiali instead of Rolls-Royce, the result will definitely be criticized by everyone, even if physics tells us that this is the best choice in the situation.
In fact, if the driver with control has such a choice, he can accept the moral trial, but if it is the judgment made by the driver himself, it will be more dangerous and compensated for his judgment to crash into the Rolls-Royce. High, but the people in the car are not so intended, shouldn't they be criticized?
There are many similar questions, such as vehicles and pedestrians/cyclists, or accidents with other cars. How should the computer determine who to save? If a pregnant woman falls on an icy road, the oncoming self-driving car will make a judgment to avoid hitting the woman and the child in her stomach, and choose to hit the electric pole to kill the owner?
Human drivers can only respond quickly with instinct in the event of an emergency. And the driverless car has been countless times before we humans are aware of the danger.
Controlled by software, you can continuously scan your surroundings with its "no blink" monitor. So they can make decisions in an instant, and wherever they hit, they can minimize the damage. But software also needs to be written by people, and we don't seem to know how to deal with such ethical dilemmas.
Smart driving, once hacked, will become a hotbed of crime
The emergence of driverlessness may cause problems that have never been seen before. When a smart car becomes as smart as a mobile phone, does it mean that a smart car will become as vulnerable as a mobile phone in front of a hacker?
In order to drive better, autonomous vehicles must acquire a lot of information from passengers, and this information is obtained by hackers. They will know your travel time and judge your whereabouts. Even these hackers can even control your self-driving car remotely, and it will be chilling to think about it.
When the mobile phone is hacked, it will endanger the owner's private information, but if the car is jeopardized by the black, it will be the life safety of the passengers in the car. Perhaps a hacker can invade the control system of a smart car with only one computer, so that the smart car loses control, resulting in a big chain traffic accident. In a well-planned layout, this may be more terrible than the consequences of the air crash.
Unmanned driving is likely to become a hotbed of crimes such as vendettas and troublemakers. It may be that in a smart car where an entrepreneur is riding, a hacker invading a smart car hired by an opponent deliberately brews a car accident, causing the entrepreneur to die. Even some important people riding smart driverless cars will create criminal conditions for terrorists with hacking techniques. These issues have not been resolved so far.
When the driverless smart car program is hacked, or a blue screen appears like a computer, but the person in the car is playing games, reading a book, or sleeping, without any knowledge of the imminent danger, the harm caused by the situation will be It will be much larger than the current car accident.
Perhaps this situation is still far away from us, because the current intelligent driving program has not reached such a high level, but who will be sure in the future will not find such a thing? And how to put an end to it seems difficult to find a breakthrough.
Does the level of the driverless system need to be regulated like the driver's license?
Tesla founder Musk announced that in the future all new Tesla vehicles will be equipped with the "automatic driving function" hardware system Autopilot2.0, claiming that the Autopilot 2.0 system jumps directly from the third to the fifth automatic driving.
According to Tesla's official website, the autopilot hardware Autopilot 2.0 will be available for all Tesla models, including the latest Model3, while the ModelS and ModelX with this new hardware are already in production.
As we all know, the automatic driving technology has a strict grading standard in the world, and the US Department of Transportation chooses the evaluation standard given by the Society of Automotive Engineers (Society of Automotive Engineers). The main contents are:
Level 0: No automatic driving, the human driver has full control of the car and can be assisted by a warning or intervention system;
Level 1: Driving support, providing driving support for one of the steering wheel and acceleration/deceleration through the driving environment, and other driving actions are performed by the human driver;
Level 2: Partially automated, providing driving support for multiple operations in the steering wheel and acceleration and deceleration through the driving environment. Other driving actions are performed by human drivers.
Level 3: Conditionally automated, all driving operations are performed by the automatic driving system. According to system requirements, human drivers need to provide a response when appropriate.
Level 4: Highly automated, all driving operations are performed by the automatic driving system. Depending on system requirements, human drivers do not necessarily need to respond to all system requests, including road and environmental conditions.
Level 5: Fully automated, all driving operations can be done autonomously by the autonomous driving system under all road and environmental conditions that human drivers can handle.
Existing auto and Internet manufacturers are mostly focused on the second or third level in autopilot technology, including Tesla's previous generation Autopilot system, which triggered a number of autopilot accidents. When the car is driving on the road, the user can hand over the control of the car, and the computer will complete the operation of changing lanes and keeping the distance.
Google's technology can reach level 4 or level 5, users only need to enter the destination, select the path, and other work is done by the self-driving car. However, it is still in the experimental stage. This time Tesla announced that it has been upgraded to the fifth level, which makes people feel that they are advancing.
In the author's opinion, when autonomous driving or unmanned driving fulfills the driver's function, it can already be regarded as an invisible driver. The driver needs to obtain a driver's license. The research and development level of the automatic driving technology is completely up to the technology company. The decision is questionable.
Because the daily driving vehicles will require drivers to obtain different levels of driving licenses according to their needs, large passenger cars need a higher-grade A1 driver's license, and micro-passenger cars need to obtain a C1 driver's license. In the future, if a smart driverless car does not need a driver, the control program will replace the original driver. Does this control program also mean that it is manufactured at different levels?
Different types of vehicles will also be produced in different companies, smart trucks, buses, private cars, and perhaps different levels of intelligent driving programs in the future, to create intelligent driving vehicles with different needs. And this obviously requires an authoritative third-party agency to supervise.
Assuming that smart cars will become popular in the future, the regulation of traffic road systems will inevitably need to be adjusted. Whether the driver's license assessment system has evolved like an unmanned level review system, there is no substantive discussion at present.
Maybe in the future, we will upgrade to intelligent autopilot. The new technology is cool, but the accidents may be even more tragic. However, technology trends will not be ruined because of this. The times are advancing, and intelligent driving needs to be continuously enriched and perfected to play its biggest role in the future. Since these problems can be seen, I believe that there will be a day to solve them.
Editor in charge: Cold flight
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